Optimized Schwarz waveform relaxation and discontinuous Galerkin time stepping for heterogeneous problems

We design and analyze a Schwarz waveform relaxation algorithm for domain decomposition of advection-diffusion-reaction problems with strong heterogeneities. The interfaces are curved, and we use optimized Robin or Ventcell transmission conditions. We analyze the semi-discretization in time with Discontinuous Galerkin as well. We also show two-dimensional numerical results using generalized mortar finite elements in space

An efficient way to assemble finite element matrices in vector languages

Efficient Matlab codes in 2D and 3D have been proposed recently to assemble finite element matrices. In this paper we present simple, compact and efficient vectorized algorithms, which are variants of these codes, in arbitrary dimension, without the use of any lower level language. They can be easily implemented in many vector languages (e.g. Matlab, Octave, Python, Scilab, R, Julia, C++ with STL,...). The principle of these techniques is general, we present it for the assembly of several finite element matrices in arbitrary dimension, in the P1 finite element case. We also provide an extension of the algorithms to the case of a system of PDE's. Then we give an extension to piecewise polynomials of higher order. We compare numerically the performance of these algorithms in Matlab, Octave and Python, with that in FreeFEM++ and in a compiled language such as C. Examples show that, unlike what is commonly believed, the performance is not radically worse than that of C : in the best/worst cases, selected vector languages are respectively 2.3/3.5 and 2.9/4.1 times slower than C in the scalar and vector cases. We also present numerical results which illustrate the computational costs of these algorithms compared to standard algorithms and to other recent ones

Robin Schwarz algorithm for the NICEM Method: the Pq finite element case

In Gander et al. [2004] we proposed a new non-conforming domain decomposition paradigm, the New Interface Cement Equilibrated Mortar (NICEM) method, based on Schwarz type methods that allows for the use of Robin interface conditions on non-conforming grids. The error analysis was done for P1 finite elements, in 2D and 3D. In this paper, we provide new numerical analysis results that allow to extend this error analysis in 2D for piecewise polynomials of higher order and also prove the convergence of the iterative algorithm in all these cases.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0705.028

Space-time domain decomposition for advection-diffusion problems in mixed formulations

This paper is concerned with the numerical solution of porous-media flow and transport problems , i. e. heterogeneous, advection-diffusion problems. Its aim is to investigate numerical schemes for these problems in which different time steps can be used in different parts of the domain. Global-in-time, non-overlapping domain-decomposition methods are coupled with operator splitting making possible the different treatment of the advection and diffusion terms. Two domain-decomposition methods are considered: one uses the time-dependent Steklov--Poincar{\'e} operator and the other uses optimized Schwarz waveform relaxation (OSWR) based on Robin transmission conditions. For each method, a mixed formulation of an interface problem on the space-time interface is derived, and different time grids are employed to adapt to different time scales in the subdomains. A generalized Neumann-Neumann preconditioner is proposed for the first method. To illustrate the two methods numerical results for two-dimensional problems with strong heterogeneities are presented. These include both academic problems and more realistic prototypes for simulations for the underground storage of nuclear waste

A new Cement to Glue non-conforming Grids with Robin interface conditions: the finite element case

We design and analyze a new non-conforming domain decomposition method based on Schwarz type approaches that allows for the use of Robin interface conditions on non-conforming grids. The method is proven to be well posed, and the iterative solver to converge. The error analysis is performed in 2D piecewise polynomials of low and high order and extended in 3D for $P_1$ elements. Numerical results in 2D illustrate the new method

A Simple and Efficient Tool for Trapping Gravid Anopheles at Breeding Sites.

No effective tool currently exists for trapping ovipositing malaria vectors. This creates a gap in our ability to investigate the behavior and ecology of gravid Anopheles.\ud Here we describe a simple trap that collects ovipositing Anopheline and Culicine mosquitoes. It consists of an acetate sheet coated in glue that floats on the water surface. Ten breeding sites were selected in rural Tanzania and 10 sticky traps set in each. These caught a total of 74 gravid Anopheles (54 An. arabiensis, 1 An. gambiae s.s. and 16 unamplified) and 1333 gravid Culicines, in just two trap nights. This simple sampling tool provides an opportunity to further our understanding of the behavior and ecology of gravid female Anophelines. It strongly implies that at least two of the major vectors of malaria in Africa land on the water surface during the oviposition process, and demonstrates that Anophelines and Culicines often share the same breeding sites. This simple and efficient trap has clear potential for the study of oviposition site choice and productivity, gravid dispersal, and vector control techniques which use oviposition behavior as a means of disseminating larvicides

Space-time Domain Decomposition and Mixed Formulation for solving reduced fracture models

International audienceIn this paper we are interested in the "fast path" fracture and we aim to use global-in-time, nonoverlapping domain decomposition methods to model flow and transport problems in a porous medium containing such a fracture. We consider a reduced model in which the fracture is treated as an interface between the two subdomains. Two domain decomposition methods are considered: one uses the time-dependent SteklovPoincaré operator and the other uses optimized Schwarz waveform relaxation (OSWR) based on Ventcell transmission conditions. For each method, a mixed formulation of an interface problem on the space-time interface is derived, and different time grids are employed to adapt to different time scales in the subdomains and in the fracture. Demonstrations of the well-posedness of the Ventcell subdomain problems is given for the mixed formulation. An analysis for the convergence factor of the OSWR algorithm is given in the case with fractures to compute the optimized parameters. Numerical results for two-dimensional problems with strong heterogeneities are presented to illustrate the performance of the two methods

Space-time domain decomposition for mixed formulations of diffusion equations

International audienceThe far field simulation of underground nuclear waste disposal site requires a high computational cost due to the widely varying properties of different materials, the different length and time scales, and the high accuracy requirements. Nonoverlapping domain decomposition methods allow local adaptation in both space and time and result in parallel algorithms. We have extended the optimized Schwarz waveform relaxation (OSWR) method, successfully used for finite elements and finite volumes, to the case of mixed finite elements with their local mass-conservation property. Another choice is the substructuring method, which has been shown to be efficient for steady state problems with strong heterogeneities. We study a time-dependent Schur complement method, which is the algebraic counterpart of the discrete Steklov Poincaré operator, and introduce the Neumann preconditioner as well as weight matrices designed to make the convergence speed independent of the heterogeneities. Both methods enable the use of local time steps when the subdomains have highly different physical properties. Their performance is illustrated on test cases suggested by nuclear waste disposal problems

Efficient interface conditions for the coupling of ocean models

International audienceAlthough the two-way nesting is the most usual coupling method in the ocean community, it does not address the correct problem but an approximation, and does not ensure enough regularity through the interface between the two models1. The correct approach consisting in a full coupling is more difficult and expensive than the two-way nesting, since it requires to find and implement an algorithm ensuring that the solutions in each domain satisfy the regularity conditions through the interface. The global-in-time non-overlapping Schwarz algorithm is particularly well suited for such a coupling, and can lead to improved physical results. Our work thus aims at improving the ocean coupling by determining efficient interface conditions for the usual ocean equations (the so-called 3-D primitive equations). These ones are composed of advection-diffusion equations for tracers such as temperature and salinity, and dynamics equations, which can be approximated in the 2-D case by the shallow-water equations

Space-Time Domain Decomposition Methods for Diffusion Problems in Mixed Formulations

This paper is concerned with global-in-time, nonoverlapping domain decomposition methods for the mixed formulation of the diffusion problem. Two approaches are considered: one uses the time-dependent Steklov-Poincar\'e operator and the other uses Optimized Schwarz Waveform Relaxation (OSWR) based on Robin transmission conditions. For each method, a mixed formulation of an interface problem on the space-time interfaces between subdomains is derived, and different time grids are employed to adapt to different time scales in the subdomains. Demonstrations of the well-posedness of the subdomain problems involved in each method and a convergence proof of the OSWR algorithm are given for the mixed formulation. Numerical results for 2D problems with strong heterogeneities are presented to illustrate the performance of the two methods